A Reforma da Natureza by Monteiro Lobato: A Review
A Reforma da Natureza (The Reform of Nature) is a book by Monteiro Lobato, one of Brazil's most influential writers. It was published in 1941, during World War II, as part of his famous series O Sítio do Picapau Amarelo (The Yellow Woodpecker Farm). The series consists of 23 books that tell the adventures of Emília, a rag doll who can talk, and her friends at a farm in the countryside. The books are full of humor, fantasy, folklore, science, and social criticism.
Summary
In this book, Emília stays at the farm while her friends travel to Europe to help solve the problems caused by the war. She invites her friend Rãzinha da Silva, a frog who lives in Rio de Janeiro, to join her in some inventions. Together, they decide to reform the nature and the animals of the farm, according to their whims and ideas. They put pumpkins on the jabuticaba tree, jabuticabas on the pumpkin vine, a nest on the back of a bird, faucets on the udders of a cow, books on an orange tree, and many other changes. They also create new animals by mixing different species or adding artificial parts. The results are often hilarious and chaotic.
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When Emília's friends return from Europe, they are shocked by what they see. They try to undo some of Emília's reforms or adapt to them. The Viscount of Sabugosa, a corn cob puppet who is very knowledgeable in science, also joins Emília and Rãzinha in their experiments. He brings some inventions from Europe that he learned from famous scientists like Einstein and Pasteur. He also tries to improve some animals by giving them human traits or abilities. However, his reforms are not always successful or beneficial.
The book ends with a visit from Dona Benta's cousin Anastácio de Almeida Prado e Silva e Souza e Sá e Albuquerque e Melo e Pimentel e Bragança e Habsburgo e Lorena e Bourbon e Orleans e Grimaldi e Savóia e Wittelsbach e Romanov e Stuart e Tudor e Plantageneta e Merovíngia e Carolíngia (Cousin Anastácio for short), who is a very rich and eccentric man. He brings a lot of gifts for everyone at the farm, including a flying saucer that can travel through time and space. He invites Emília and her friends to join him in his travels around the world.
Themes
Nature and science
One of the main themes of the book is the relationship between nature and science War and peace
The book also reflects the historical situation of World War II and how it affects the characters and their views on the world. The book criticizes the violence and irrationality of war, and shows the contrast between the peaceful and harmonious life at the farm and the chaotic and destructive events in Europe. The book also expresses a nationalist sentiment, as it defends Brazil's sovereignty and natural resources from foreign exploitation. Monteiro Lobato was an advocate of oil exploration in Brazil, and he denounced the interests of foreign companies that wanted to control the oil market. He also supported the participation of Brazil in the war against the Axis powers, and he dedicated the book to the Brazilian Expeditionary Force that fought in Italy.
Reviews
The book has received mixed reviews from critics and readers. Some praised the book for its originality, creativity, humor, and social criticism. They appreciated the way the book combines fantasy and reality, and how it stimulates the imagination and curiosity of children. They also recognized the book as a valuable contribution to Brazilian literature and culture.
Some examples of positive reviews are:
"A Reforma da Natureza is a masterpiece of Monteiro Lobato, who shows his genius and creativity in this book. The book is full of humor, fantasy, science, and social commentary. It is a delight for children and adults alike."
"This book is one of my favorites from Monteiro Lobato. It is very funny and entertaining, but also very educational and informative. It teaches children about nature, science, history, geography, and many other things. It also makes them think about important issues like war, peace, nationalism, and environmentalism."
"Monteiro Lobato is a genius of Brazilian literature. He created a wonderful world of fantasy and adventure in his books, especially in A Reforma da Natureza. This book is a classic that every child should read. It is full of imagination, humor, and wisdom."
Some criticized the book for its inconsistency, confusion, prejudice, and outdatedness. They pointed out some flaws and errors in the book's plot, structure, language, and logic. They also accused the book of being racist, sexist, elitist, and imperialist. They argued that the book does not respect the diversity and complexity of nature and human society.
Some examples of negative reviews are:
"A Reforma da Natureza is a mess of a book. It has no coherence or direction. It is full of contradictions and mistakes. It is boring and repetitive. It is also very offensive and discriminatory. It insults nature, animals, women, blacks, indigenous people, poor people, foreigners, and anyone who does not agree with Monteiro Lobato's views."
"This book is very disappointing. It is not funny or clever at all. It is just a collection of absurd and ridiculous ideas that make no sense. It is also very outdated and irrelevant. It does not reflect the reality or the values of modern society. It is a waste of time and money."
"Monteiro Lobato is overrated as a writer. He wrote some good books for children, but A Reforma da Natureza is not one of them. This book is a disaster. It is poorly written, poorly edited, poorly illustrated, poorly printed, poorly bound. It is also poorly conceived, poorly executed, poorly argued, poorly justified. It is a bad book in every way."
Conclusion
A Reforma da Natureza is a book that can be enjoyed or disliked for different reasons. It is a book that shows the creativity and originality of Monteiro Lobato, but also his controversial and problematic views. It is a book that explores the possibilities and limits of nature and science, but also the consequences and responsibilities of human intervention. It is a book that entertains and educates, but also challenges and provokes.
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In my opinion, this book is worth reading, despite its flaws and errors. It is a book that can stimulate the imagination and curiosity of children, and make them think about important issues that are still relevant today. It is also a book that can offer a glimpse into the Brazilian culture and history, and the vision of one of its most influential writers.
However, this book should not be read uncritically or blindly. It should be read with awareness and discernment, and with respect for the diversity and complexity of nature and human society. It should also be read with a sense of humor and fantasy, and with an appreciation for the beauty and wonder of the world.
FAQs
Who is Monteiro Lobato?
Monteiro Lobato was a Brazilian writer, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, activist, and visionary. He was born in 1882 in Taubaté, São Paulo, and died in 1948 in São Paulo. He is considered one of the most influential writers in Brazilian literature, especially for his children's books.
What is O Sítio do Picapau Amarelo?
O Sítio do Picapau Amarelo (The Yellow Woodpecker Farm) is a series of 23 books by Monteiro Lobato that tell the adventures of Emília, a rag doll who can talk, and her friends at a farm in the countryside. The books are full of humor, fantasy, folklore, science, and social criticism. The series was first published between 1920 and 1947.
What is A Reforma da Natureza about?
A Reforma da Natureza (The Reform of Nature) is a book by Monteiro Lobato that tells the story of Emília, a rag doll, and her friend Rãzinha, a frog, who decide to change the nature and the animals of the farm where Emília lives with other characters. The book is part of the series O Sítio do Picapau Amarelo, and it was published in 1941.
What are some of the themes of A Reforma da Natureza?
Some of the themes of A Reforma da Natureza are nature and science, war and peace, humor and fantasy, nationalism and imperialism, racism and sexism, among others.
How can I download A Reforma da Natureza in PDF format?
You can download A Reforma da Natureza in PDF format from this link: [text]. However, please note that this is not an official or authorized source, and it may not be legal or ethical to download it without permission from the author or the publisher.
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